What Are The Basic Traits Of Liberal Feminism Essay

1. What are the basic traits of â€Å"liberal feminism†? The basic traits of liberal feminism are most easily defined as â€Å"just plain† feminism. Liberal feminists are the people involved in society who are attempting to â€Å"level the playing field,† â€Å"break the glass ceiling,† or â€Å"make room for women at the table of power.† Liberal feminism is present in the idea that gender does not, and should not play a role in a person’s â€Å"education, employment, [or] housing.† Therefore, liberal feminism is based off of the ideals and philosophies that all humans are created equally, and deserve to be treated as so. People who partake in these ideals are partaking in the movement of feminism, more specifically, liberal feminism, often times without even realizing it. 2. How does Lorber explain that gender is a social construct? In her essay, â€Å"The Social Construction of Gender†, Judith Lorber explains that in society we often â€Å"assume gender is bred into our genes† (112), meaning that as a society we often times relate a person’s gender (behaviors, traits, and identity) with their sex (biological makeup), thus labeling a person’s gender as something grouped together with their genetic makeup. The reality of this is that gender is created, and â€Å"done† by every individual person. Lorber states that gender, â€Å"like culture, is a human production† (112), and â€Å"doing† gender can appear as small as how a parent chooses to dress their child, resulting in how the child looks. This thenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Gender Inequality with a Focus on Feminist Ideas Essay804 Words   |  4 Pagesfeminist ideas. I will start with a basic overview of the entire feminist movement, and will then analyze feminism more specifically. In this analysis I will fo cus on the different types of feminism. Most notably of these types will be the main groups that consist of socialist feminists, liberal feminists, and radical feminists. I will describe the goals and ideals of these groups along with describing how a functionalist and conflict theorist looks at gender. Feminism has been defined as the advocacyRead MoreFeminism Types and Definitions Liberal1287 Words   |  6 PagesLogin Plans Pricing How It Works Courses Degrees Schools Careers | Register Search Courses Lessons Feminism Types and Definitions: Liberal, Socialist, Culture Radical / Sex and Gender in Society / Sociology 101: Intro to Sociology / Social Science / Courses Like? Feminism Types and Definitions: Liberal, Socialist, Culture Radical Video Quiz Congratulations! You ve reached the last video in the chapter. Transcript Start the Next Chapter Race and Ethnicity Definitions: SocialRead MoreThe Advocacy Of Women s Rights2735 Words   |  11 Pageswomen still struggle to gain equality among men. Feminism is the belief that women and men should hold equal positions within a social hierarchy. It is defined as ‘organized activities on behalf of women’s rights and interests’ that would evidentially cause women to ascend their positions on the social stratification ladder (â€Å"Feminism†). The classification of gender that society deems male or female, by definition, is associated to the personal traits and social positions that members of society attachRead MoreDoes Cedaw Make World Better Place For Women? Essay7028 Words   |  29 PagesAn Brief Overview .................. 2.1 The CEDAW Framework 2.2 Fundamental Premises of the Women’s Convention 2.3 Need of Women Convention Importance of CEDAW Chapter 3: Applying Feminist Theory to CEDAW 3.1 Liberal Feminism 3.2 Cultural Feminism 3.3 Radical Feminism Chapter 4: CEDAW and India †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 4.1 CEDAW and Indian Judiciary 4.2 CEDAW and Indian Legislature 4.3 CEDAW and Indian Government Chapter 4: CEDAW and some success storiesRead MoreThe Theory Of Liberal Eugenics1927 Words   |  8 Pages Nicholas Agar, in Liberal Eugenics promotes a more neutral position of moral obligation to tolerance in respecting the differences people have regarding what constitutes a valuable trait and their perceptions of a good life, thus seemingly avoiding the authoritarian eugenics of the past. In this new conception of eugenics governments cannot tell parents what children should be like and parents will respect their child’s autonomy as not to favor one specific identity or lifestyle over another. InRead MoreA Family Together : Jennifer Cramblett And Amanda Zinkon3452 Words   |  14 Pageswhich Dr. Spirtos recommended that the couple seek a sperm donor through the Midwest Sperm Bank. The two women spent the next week searching through donor profiles from the clinic; they had decided that they would seek a donor with similar genetic traits as they themselves had. Although the couple had decided that Jennifer would carry first, Amanda intended to be inseminated by the same sperm a t a later date so that their children would be biologically related. After reviewing histories of their mostRead MoreHas Criminology Been Gender Blinded Essay2257 Words   |  10 Pagesof certain presumptions towards women within crime. From (Jones 1998: 287) it is found that Freud also considered the aspect of women and crime, he went beyond the biological explanations of Lombroso stating that anti-social behaviour is link to basic human instincts being uncontrollable at time. Also believing that female offenders are more male than female however he cited this as a result of their failure to conform to their nurturing role as women. This is still gender blind as it disregardsRead MoreWhat Does Gender Inequality?1395 Words   |  6 PagesWhat fuels gender inequality? What are the reasons gender inequalities are still so high in today’s society? Gender inequality refers to the unequal treatment of an individual based on his/her gender. Gender is defined as the amount of characteristics and attributes distinguishing that person between, masculinity and femininity. Although gender is a part of our character, society has taken gender to an increased level of discrimination. Gender inequality sets social difference between male and femaleRead MoreBlack / White Gender Identification1890 Words   |  8 Pagessatire became more mainstream and popular, the main topics for satire were politics, religion, those gosh-durned liberals with their modern ways of thinking, and women. Strangely enough, being made fun of sits about as well as having the Royal Family rub their wealth in your face. The satires on women spark ed their own retaliation from both male and female audiences, giving rise to early feminism ideals and feminist satire. When fighting feminist movements in the world, the most common arguments inRead MoreAnalysis of Gender Roles and Feminism through an Episode of the Big Bang Theory1828 Words   |  8 Pagestheoretical researching and analysis. Analysis of Problems (words: 1486ï ¼â€° In cultural studies, feminism, poststructuralism and psychoanalysis are prevailing streams of thought and compulsory aspects required deeply investigation (Barker, 2008), then based on the researching about the information in these aspects, it’s going to explore and analyze the questions raised in the foregoing. Though feminism or feminist movement has experienced a long transformation in different historical stages and have

No Dignity Was Present By Their Masters - 1639 Words

Slaves were not known as being human beings, but as a possession to their masters. No dignity was present by their masters. For example, in 1738, the Dutch slave ship, Leuden smashed into some rocks with more than seven hundred slaves aboard. (Altman) There was no way the crew could control so many slaves. The crew of the Leuden locked the hatches to slave deck, and abandoned the boat, leaving 702 people to drown. (Altman) There were plenty tragic events such as this that happened along the journey. Many of the slaves could not make it to the next step of the trading process. With the remaining slaves left that were alive, the next step was to be sold. There were markets full of slaves and their families. Families would be separated, and†¦show more content†¦Approximately thirty-nine lashes was the normal punishment. (Clark) After a lashing, the slaves were often bathed in salt and red pepper. The amount of burning and pain this would cause is unexplainable. The slaves were not paid for their work, and life was very difficult for them to live day by day was a miracle for them. Not only did they suffer mental, and physical abuse, but even the government now had hypocrisies against the slaves. Basically, everyone was against the slaves, except the slave community. The slaves, if religious were not to sing or play any instrument, especially the drum. The drum in Africa was the instrument to excite the crown, and used for the people to make their voices loud and clear. (Clark) The drum displayed to much exuberance for the slave masters and the church in America. The slaves saw their own masters go to church and act like a godly person, but it was unbearable for the slaves to see how much this was contraindicated once their masters got home. The slaveowners would master the doctrine taught to slaves. For example, one slave master misconstrued the context of the Bible, and told his slave, â€Å"you must be a good slave†. (Clark) Slaveowners wanted to make their slaves felt like they were supposed to be obedient to the slaveowners, while the words they heard were sorely taken out of context from the Bible. Also, the slaves had no status in a court room. Slaves word valued the cry of an animal or inanimate object, neverShow MoreRelatedMaster Visconti s Ntoni By Giovanni Verga1451 Words   |  6 PagesMaster Visconti’s Ntoni After World War II Italy was in shambles, and the rural nation struggled to close the developmental gap between itself and other European nations. It was during this time, in 1948, that Luchino Visconti filmed La Terra Trema, or The Earth Trembles, on the island of Sicily. It was a critically acclaimed adaptation of I Malavoglia, or The House by the Medlar Tree, written by Giovanni Verga in 1881. Life on the island as depicted by Verga had barely changed in the approximateRead MoreCalifornia Should Adopt Oregon s Death With Dignity Law826 Words   |  4 PagesCalifornia should adopt Oregon’s Death With Dignity law (DWDA). Death With Dignity also called assisted suicide, right to die, and physician assisted suicide (PAS) allows physicians to prescribe lethal drugs to patients with a long term illness. In order for them to get a hold of such medications they must have six months or less to live and willingly request this. Reed Karaim author of, â€Å"Assisted Suicide† explains a study conducted by Margaret Battin, a prominent professor of philosophy and internalRead MoreThe Tempest - Relationship Between Prospero and Caliban1667 Words   |  7 PagesWith close reference to appropriately selected episodes write about the dramatic methods Shakespeare uses to present the relationship between Prospero and Caliban. ‘The Tempest’ was the last play written by Shakespeare and is widely regarded to be his greatest play. ‘The Tempest’ is thought to have been written about the year 1610. All of Shakespeare’s previously used genres are in the play: romance, tragedy, comedy and history. ‘The Tempest’ adheres to the three classical unities, unity of timeRead MoreMinimum Wage vs. Slavery1407 Words   |  6 Pagesthat of slavery is preposterous! In slavery, especially the slavery that occurred in America, human beings lacked more than just proper compensation for their labor. Along with not being fairly rewarded: families were ripped apart by slave trades, dignity could never be gained, scare tactics and inferiority were at an all time high, women were raped, people were beaten almost to death, and the list goes on. There is no way to downplay minimum wage. People work extremely hard and don’t receive the payRead MoreEssay on A New Kind of Woman in Jan e Eyre by Charlotte Bronte1194 Words   |  5 Pagesinstill on her. Her cousin, John Reed, treats Jane the worst of all, but Jane states that she is â€Å"habitually obedient to John,† (6) showing how for some time she behaves as a traditional woman behaves, for she obeys him despite of the circumstances present that place her on an unjust level. In Mrs. Reed’s eyes Jane is a badly misbehaved child that only causes her problems and heartaches. Mrs. Reed chooses to send Jane off to Lowood School, a school for orphans, where Jane encounters even more injusticeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Sankofa 927 Words   |  4 PagesSankofa is an Ankan word which means, â€Å"We must go back and reclaim our past in order to move forward ( Diop, 2014).† The film Sankofa was produced in the year 1993 in Ghana directed by Haile Gerima. It is based on the Atlantic slave trade. It is the story slavery from the point of view of Africans. In the film, all characters represent an element of African American culture (Gerima, 1993). It also shows the traditional racial scale with the whites at the top followed by Half-castes in the middleRead MoreContemporary Nursing Theories1685 Words   |  7 PagesCallista Roy, as what she had stressed in her adaptation theory, Nursing is â€Å"a humanitarian art and expanding science that influences and alters stimuli to encourage and to aid humans capability to adapt† (Timby, 2009, p. 7). It is apparent that nursing was portrayed by the two theories as a profession that helps people to adapt and to realize their full potential. Both theories illustrated the profession as possessing related endeavors. Adaptation Theory As previously mentioned this paper will focusRead MoreEssay on The Myth of Sisyphus1230 Words   |  5 Pageswithout a master seems to him neither sterile nor futile. Each atom of that stone, each mineral flake of that night-filled mountain, in itself forms a world. The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a mans heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy. (p.91). Sisyphus life is transformed into a victory by concentrating on his freedom and his knowledge of the absurdity of his situation. The ideas behind the development of the absurd hero are present in the first Read MoreDu Bois And Booker T Washington Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagescenturies. The facade of unity among these leaders was broken when Du Bois addressed Washington’s book, Up From Slavery, in a chapter named â€Å"Of Booker T. Washington and Others† from his novel, The Souls of Black Folk. Although he did acknowledge the accomplishments of Washington, Du Bois was clearly opposed to most of his ideas. Through the topics of submission and education, Du Bois exposes the paradoxical nature of Washington’s plan and presents a stronger argument than the passive Washington. AsRead MoreEssay about Slavery and African Born Slaves1328 Words   |  6 Pagesher people. She meets slaves who are African born and who fight to rebel in order to resist the temptation to assimilate and forget their true, singular identity as Africans. In the beginning, the main character Mona was seemingly apathetic and ignorant toward her heritage. She was disrespectfully taking obscene pictures in a fortress that had been a part of the slave trafficking out of Africa during the Atlantic slave trade. After wandering into the fortress’ dungeon, she is transformed into an

Conflict Resolution Strategies - 687 Words

In trying to resolve the conflict between Reece and Patel, Edwards used an avoidance strategy. Instead of speaking directly about the root causes, or sources, of the conflict, Edwards focused on the behaviors and treated Reece and Patel like children. Edwards scolded them, and sent them off without bothering to find out what was bothering the two. Of course, this type of conflict resolution is ineffective because it fails to address the underlying issues. As Anderson (n.d.) points out, addressing the problem is key to conflict resolution. When a conflict does happen, a manager needs to focus the conflicting parties on the issue and have them leave out any personal problems they may be having, (Anderson, n.d.). This is an example of a destructive conflict, but it can be turned into a constructive one with effective conflict resolution strategies. There are three parties involved in this particular conflict: Patel, Reece, and Edwards. First, Patel needs to be more open about her feelings and confront Edwards. Much of the problem was caused by Patel not feeling comfortable enough to or unwilling to confront this root cause of the issue. There is no reason to value Reeces work over Patels. In fact, it could even be argued that Reece is more easily replaceable than Patel and the latter should have been the one receiving the raise. In practice, offering both Reece and Patel a raise would have helped avoid the conflict and Edwards should have thought of the consequences of hisShow MoreRelatedConflict Resolution Strategies Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesConflict Resolution Strategies Conflict has long been viewed as negative, and is usually associated with things as trivial as an argument to something as extreme as war, and is seldom seen as beneficial. In the team environment however, conflict can be very beneficial if recognized early and managed properly and can enhance team performance as well as relationships between team members. Conflict is inevitable as humans interact, because not everyone shares the same beliefs, values, opinions, levelRead MoreTeam Dynamics and Conflict Resolution Strategies1089 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Dynamics and Conflict Resolution Strategies University of Phoenix â€Æ' Success in many areas of our lives, be it family, education, business, or leisure, is dependent on successful teamwork. Teams are â€Å"a number of persons associated together in work or activity†¦a group on one side†(Merriam-Webster, 2008). There are many types of teams, work teams, school teams, sports teams, families etc. â€Å"The fact remains that teams, because they are made up of imperfect human beings, are inherently dysfunctional†(Read MoreConflict Resolution Strategies1530 Words   |  7 PagesRunning header: CONFLICT RESOLUTION STRATEGIES Conflict Resolution Strategies Wendy L. Decker University of Phoenix Conflict Resolution Strategies In this writing, we will explore and explain strategies of conflict resolution and, encourage teams, individuals and society as a whole to use some of these ideas for their own resolution purposes. â€Å"In many cases, effective conflict resolution skills can make the difference between positive and negativeRead MoreUnderstanding The Conflict Resolution Strategy Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesHealthy Conflict Resolution Strategy Conflicts are an inevitable part of human life. Whether they happen in personal lives or within organizations, it is human nature to be involved in conflicts. Workplace conflicts, such as the one in the current situation with Dr. Jones and Susan, can result in negative consequences if they are not handled adequately. Some of these consequences may include irreparable damage to the relationships and disrupt teamwork, becoming an overall detriment to the organizationRead MoreLeadership And Conflict Resolution Strategies1377 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership strategies are key to how an organization’s employees’ perceive their job, their management and their organization. Leadership and conflict resolution strategies are important to creating job satisfaction and reducing employee turnover, which is an added expense to the organization. Kinicki et al, reviews several strategies and theories about leadership and conflict management. Many of the proposed suppositions, are una ble to stand alone to explicate this complex concept. However, inspirationalRead MoreCommunal Conflict in Tiv Land: Strategy for Resolution4118 Words   |  17 PagesNigeria has experienced violent conflicts and antagonism rooted in religion, ethnicity, and economics. communal conflicts in Tiv land area of the Middle Belt region of Nigeria are not an exception. This paper (1) examines the causes of communal conflict in Tivland (2),challenges,as well as the(3) strategies of resolving and managing conflicts in Tivland and society in general. Introduction The African continent has been, and continues to be engulfed in one conflict after another. Over the lastRead More Team Dynamics - Conflict Resolution Strategies Essay example1195 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Dynamics - Conflict Resolution Strategies People work in groups or teams everyday whether in their career, education, political organization, church, or any other social setting. Conflict while working in teams or groups is inevitable. When taking people of different backgrounds, personalities, moral, and ethical beliefs and putting them together in a group, conflict will arise. The key to achieving your team goals is to construct and conquer your goals with keeping the greater goodRead MoreEffect Of Power On Understanding And Adoption A Conflict Resolution Strategy4054 Words   |  17 Pages Daniels, Spiker, 2008). Conflicts arise when a person feels he or she has more power than the other person so they start discriminating, harassing, and alienating the disadvantaged person. Power perspective emphasizes on the ability to compel someone to do something thus suggests power to be coercive and competitive (Papa, et al., 2008). In addition, the power theory views the conflicts as a win-lose competition thus limiting the c hances of a satisfactory resolution (Deutsch, Coleman, 2011)Read MoreInterpersonal Communication And Conflict Resolution1439 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch resources that helped me understand my interpersonal communication topic, Conflict Management, and how theories, relevant skills and strategies can play a big role throughout the resolution and frequency of conflict among my peers. Personality Types and Development of Adolescents’ Conflict with Friends This study aimed to examine the developmental pattern of adolescents’ conflict frequency and conflict resolution with their best friends, and differences in these developmental changes betweenRead More Essay on Conflict Resolution and Mediation to End School Violence949 Words   |  4 PagesUse of Conflict Resolution and Mediation to End School Violence       Conflict and differences of opinion exist in every healthy organization. Americans need to try to take control of todays youth and the violence that is and has been developing in this country for many years.   Although violence will never be extinct, there are many different ways to reduce violence.   Each school and student population has different ways of dealing with and helping to curb the need for violence in schools.

Participation Of Older People Application †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Participation Of Older People Application? Answer: Introducation: The main aim that is behind the classification of Disability, functioning, and health internationally (WHO-ICF) is particularly in providing the language that is standard and the conceptual fundamentals in order to define, assess, and explore the functioning of human Physio-psycho-social with relation to the disability. Under the framework of WHO-ICF; disability is defined as the condition with manifold dimensions which will be developed as the process in which the impairment of the potential body functions and the structures will occur, which will limit the daily activities and ultimately restricts the community participation which means that experiencing the problems while getting involved in life situations (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2014). All the aspects that are mentioned with respect to disability will be interacting dynamically with the individuals health and along with their environmental and personal factors. Among all these aspects of disability, a level of restriction for the participation of the individual is occasionally viewed as an indicator of the health condition of the person. Hence it is assessed or explored occasionally in either the research or clinical settings more specifically if the individual under the assessment is an older person (Belsky, Moffitt Caspi, 2013). The environmental factors The environmental factors were defined as the social, attitudinal, and physical environment in which individuals will live and behavior their lives. From the earlier studies, it has been shown that the environmental factors such as the socioeconomic status that is self-perceived, either living alone or staying with the family and the social networks were found to be associated with the development of fragility. However, in this study, the factors that are related to the environment have been explored in determining whether they are also in association with the restriction of participation. With the help of Chinese-Lubben Social Network Scale known as CLSNS is the social support network of the participants who have been assessed which is considered to be the 10 item scale that measures the five aspects of social networks such as the confidant relationships, network of family, helping others, networks of friends, and living arrangements. The whole score will be ranging from the level of 0 to 50 (Berry, 2007). If the score is higher than it will be indicating a stronger social network. With the help of the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status (SSS), the self-perceived socioeconomic status of participants has been assessed. The social status is denoted by the SSS as a 10 rung ladder in which the top of the ladder will be representing the individuals who are at their best off and the bottom will be representing the individuals who are at their worst off. All the individuals who have participated have been asked to mark an X on the rung which has represented the social status in the best manner (Faulkner, 2017). If a step is higher than it was indicating the self-perceived social status at a higher level. Among all the various racial or the ethnic groups along with the different geographic locations, this scale is found demonstrating higher validity and reliability. The participants were even asked about the members living in the same household. Demographic details The demographic details can be defined as the specific background of the peoples lives and their conditions of health. In the community that has been chosen for research study, the following demographic information has been collected. The information on the demographics of the participants related to age and gender has been collected. Under the section of criteria of selection of sample the level of feebleness of participants have been evaluated as per the occurrence of the five most common features of the phenotype of feebleness; The information that was asked them is to provide the data in the past 12 months with respect to the number of diseases, total number of hospitalizations, and the number of falls that they have suffered from and the medications that were prescribed to them and they were consuming during the period of suffering (World Health Organization, 2001). The Charlson Comorbidity Index (C-CCI) which is a Chinese version has been used among the participants for assessing the levels of comorbidity. The sum of the comorbidity and the age scores will be determining the C-CCI score with scores ranging from 0, 1 to 2, 3 to 4 and greater than 5 which will be representing the levels of comorbidity as low, medium, and high respectively (World Health Organization, 2001). Solutions and their need for community Participants in the research study have felt that there would be a much gain from the experience of longer life in comparison to the younger age group individuals and were noticed to be extremely enthusiastic and were willing in offering the support in the research area in which old age group people have been involved (Giles, Cameron Crotty, 2003). A desired was expressed by the participants to get involved so that solutions can be created by them in relation to health care and other related issues that are concerning with their age group, according to the phrase of the department of the UK of Health report on promoting the justice states that nothing about me without me. An interest has been expressed by the participants being involved in the research related to biomedical and believed that the findings obtained from such kind of studies will be shared with the authorities of government agencies and mediates. It was believed by the participants that in every stage of research they should get involved right from their involvement in the applications for grants to distribution of the findings of research. A better solution was provided by the older people who say that they have the desire of getting integrated with the generations of younger age group so that volunteering with the authorities of local groups in contributing to the community would be there instead of just being a viewer as an individual community (Kendig Phillipson, 2014). It has been noticed by the older people that the public services, information, and support are at times were not accessible to them because of their age. For instance, if the information is available only on online and if older people are not knowing how to access the computer or if they dont know how to make use of it than they might be restricted from accessing it or restricted from filling the applications made available online that are related to the services of utility bills, retirement, public transport, and insurance (Stacey Kendig, 1997). It was as a result concluded that only technology on its own can never be considered as the worthwhile solution for societal problems if all community members cannot use it. References Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW] (2014). Australias health 2014. Australias health series no. 14. Cat. no. AUS 178.Canberra: AIHW. Belsky, D. W., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A. (2013). Genetics in population health science: strategies and opportunities. American journal of public health, 103(S1), S73-S83. Berry, M. (2007). Ageing in space: Transport, access and urban form. In A. Borowski, S. Encel, E. Ozanne (Eds.), Longevity and social change in Australia. UNSW Press Faulkner, D (2017) Housing and the environments of ageing', in K. O'Loughlin, C.Browning and H. Kendig (ed.), Ageing in Australia: Challenges and Opportunities, Springer, New York, pp. 184-185. World Health Organization. (2001). ICF International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization. Giles, L.C., Cameron, I.D., Crotty, M. (2003). Disability in older Australians: Projections for 20062031. Medical Journal of Australia, 179, 130133. Kendig, H., Phillipson, C. (2014). Building age-friendly communities: New approaches to challenging health and social inequalities. In: If you could do one thing: Nine local actions to reduce health inequalities report. London: British Academy Stacey, B., Kendig, H. (1997). Driving, cessation of driving, and transport safety issues among older people. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 7(3), 175179.